Which nonpharmacologic strategy supports better sleep in older adults?

• A. Regular schedule and daytime activity.
• B. Prolonged evening screen time.
• C. Large daytime meals.
• D. Caffeinated beverages before bed.

Answer: (A)

A stable daily routine with daytime activity strengthens the body’s natural sleep-wake rhythm. By waking at about the same time each day and staying active during daylight, older adults receive consistent circadian cues and build sleep pressure that helps initiate and maintain sleep at night. Regular daytime activity also reduces excessive daytime napping, which can fragment nighttime sleep and make it harder to fall asleep later. This nonpharmacologic approach is preferred because it supports sleep without the side effects or interactions that medications can have in older adults.

In contrast, keeping screens on and engaging with devices in the evening delays sleep by exposing the brain to bright, blue light and increasing arousal. Large daytime meals can cause discomfort or reflux that disrupts sleep, and caffeine close to bedtime can linger and interfere with sleep onset and continuity. Together, these factors are less effective for improving sleep health in older adults.